腾讯视频。《老人与海》是由约翰斯特奇斯、弗雷德金尼曼、亨利金执导，斯宾塞屈赛、菲力普帕佐斯出演，该片已于1958年10月7日上映。老人与海英文版简略版在腾讯视频软件可以看。该片根据海明威同名小说改编，讲述了一位古巴老渔夫圣地亚哥在海上捕鱼的故事。
《老人与海》双语精读01—— 那个老人
The Old Man and the Sea.《老人与海》
一位再平凡不过的渔夫——桑提亚哥Santiago，与一条普普通通的大马林鱼在茫茫大海中发生了看似平凡而不平凡的故事……
《老人与海》双语精读18——风烛残年
读点经典：
The Old Man And the Sea
《老人与海》
通过分析句子，来体验一下，英语和汉语的不同。
He was an old man who fished alone in a skiff in the Gulf Stream and he had gone eighty-four days now without taking a fish.
整体来说这句话是A andB 结构。
先解决部分生词
alone 独自
skiff 小型帆船（捕鱼用的）
the Gulf Stream 墨西哥暖流（寒暖流交汇处鱼比较多）
without 没有
我们先用完全的英语顺序来看这句话。
He was an old man 他是一个老人
who fished alone（他）独自钓鱼
in a skiff 在一个小帆船上
in the Gulf Stream 在墨西哥暖流里
接下来就是好玩的连词成句。
他是一个在墨西哥暖流的小帆船上独自钓鱼的老人。
接下来就是考验我们中文能力的时刻了。
1. 墨西哥暖流太过于细节，中文对此比较宽松。可以稍作简化，湾流
2. 为强调老人是独自一人，“独自”提前突出一下。
修改后
他是个独自在湾流中一条小船上钓鱼的老人
A解决了，接下来看Bhe had gone eighty-four days now without taking a fish.
这里的had gone 里有文章，这是一个“过去完成时”，直接说结果吧，这个时态包含时间+动作——已经过去。
he had gone eighty-four days 他已经过去84天了
now 如今（时间）
without taking a fish. 没有抓住一条鱼
连词成句试试，
如今他已经连续84天没有抓到一条鱼了。
按照汉语习惯调整一下时间位置
至今已去了八十四天，一条鱼也没逮住。
整体看起来
He was an old man who fished alone in a skiff in the Gulf Stream and he had gone eighty-four days now without taking a fish.
他是个独自在湾流中一条小船上钓鱼的老人，至今已去了八十四天，一条鱼也没逮住。
再看看吴劳老师的译本（最接近真实文本的翻译版本）
他是个独自在湾流中一条平底xiao'f小帆船上钓鱼的老人，这一回已去了八十四天，没逮上一条鱼。
最后把整段译文提前放在这里，供参考。
他是个独自在湾流中一条小船上钓鱼的老人，至今已去了八十四天，一条鱼也没逮住。头四十天里，有个男孩子跟他在一起。可是，过了四十天还没捉到一条鱼，孩子的父母对他说，老人如今准是十足地"倒了血霉"，这就是说，倒霉到了极点，于是孩子听从了他们的吩咐，上了另外一条船，头一个礼拜就捕到了三条好鱼。孩子看见老人每天回来时船总是空的，感到很难受，他总是走下岸去，帮老人拿卷起的钓索，或者鱼钩和鱼叉，还有绕在桅杆上的帆。帆上用面粉袋片打了些补丁，收拢后看来象是一面标志着永远失败的旗子。
欢迎来到 《老人与海》双语精读 ，我是simon.
上一讲，老人跟男孩闲聊到棒球的事情，并说到have faith in yankee (对洋基队要有信心)，更像是对自己说的，要有信心。
有一句关于金钱观的话值得思考“first you borrow, then you beg.”，一开始借钱，之后乞讨。
紧接前文...
When the boy came back the old man was asleep in the chair and the sun was down. The boy took the old army blanket off the bed and spread it over the back of the chair and over the old man’s shoulders. They were strange shoulders, still powerful although very old, and the neck was still strong too and the creases did not show so much when the old man was asleep and his head fallen forward. His shirt had been patched so many times that it was like the sail and the patches were faded to many different shades by the sun. The old man’s head was very old though and with his eyes closed there was no life in his face. The newspaper lay across his knees and the weight of his arm held it there in the evening breeze. He was barefooted.
When the boy came back the old man was asleep in the chair and the sun was down.
分：
When the boy came back 男孩回来的时候
the old man was asleep 老人睡着了
in the chair 在椅子上
and the sun was down.太阳下山了
合
当男孩回来的时候，老人在椅子上睡着了，太阳也下山了。
整理
等孩子回来的时候，老人在椅子上熟睡着，太阳已经下去了。
其实我们可以看得出老人已经变现出孱弱的特征，犹如夕阳的余晖，不禁让人感到一丝同情。
The boy took the old army blanket off the bed and spread it over the back of the chair and over the old man’s shoulders.
The boy took the old army blanket
男孩拿了一条旧军用毯子
off the bed 从床上撤下来
这里的off 是和前面的take 共同组成take… off 的句型，意思是“把…拿下来”
其实介词，尤其是方位介词在表现方向上特别重要（不妨复习 《全民英语》介词 部分）
and spread it over the back of the chair 铺在椅子的后背上
spread 意思“摊开”，不仅可以摊开衣服，床单等，也可以表示“伸展”腿脚，像躺在草坪上，摊开身体。就可以spread our limbs. 伸开四肢
and over the old man’s shoulders.
盖住老人的肩膀
合
男孩从床上撤下一条旧军毯，铺在老人椅背上，盖着老人的肩膀。
整理
孩子从床上捡起一条旧军毯，铺在椅背上，盖住了老人的双肩。
They were strange shoulders, still powerful although very old, and the neck was still strong too and the creases did not show so much when the old man was asleep and his head fallen forward.
They were strange shoulders, 这是奇怪的肩膀
still powerful 仍然有力
powerful = power（力量）+ -ful(形容词后缀，表示满的) = 有力量的
although very old, 虽然非常老
and the neck was still strong too 脖子也非常强壮
and the creases did not show so much
皱纹不那么明显
when the old man was asleep 当老人睡着的时候
and his head fallen forward. 他的头往前倾
fall forward 向前垂下，这个词让人瞬间感觉很奇怪，很容易让人想到老人已经去世。所以，字里行间都是老人已经接近生命的终结了。
合
这肩膀说也奇怪，虽然很老迈，但是依然强健，脖子也很结实。当他睡着了，头往前倾，皱纹也就不明显了。
整理
这两个肩膀挺怪，人非常老迈了，肩膀却依然很强健，脖子也依然很壮实，而且当老人睡着了，脑袋向前耷拉着的时候，皱纹也不大明显了。
His shirt had been patched so many times that it was like the sail and the patches were faded to many different shades by the sun.
词汇
patched [pætʃt] 打补丁
faded [ˈfeɪdɪd] 褪色
shades [ʃeɪdz] 色调
分
His shirt had been patched so many times
他的衬衫已经打过好多补丁
that it was like the sail 就像船帆那样
and the patches were faded to many different shades
补丁褪色成深浅不同的色调
这里的戏谑和前文的The sail was patched with flour sacks and, furled, it looked like the flag of permanent defeat.（帆上用面粉袋片打了些补丁，收拢后看来象是一面标志着永远失败的旗子。）相呼应。
同样是老人如今的穷困潦倒。
by the sun. 被太阳（晒）
合
他的衬衫已经像船帆那样打过好多补丁，由于阳光照射，补丁褪色成深浅不同的色调
整理
他的衬衫上不知打了多少次补丁，弄得象他那张帆一样，这些补丁被阳光晒得褪成了许多深浅不同的颜色。
The old man’s head was very old though and with his eyes closed there was no life in his face.
分
The old man’s head was very old though
老人的头已经苍老
and with his eyes closed 闭着眼睛的时候
there was no life 没有生机
in his face. 在脸上
合
老人的头已经苍老，闭着眼睛的时候，脸上没有生气。
整理
老人的头非常苍老，眼睛闭上了，脸上就一点生气也没有。
如果是被年老体弱打败，或许这个故事就已经没有未来了。映入脑海的是老人渐渐失去光彩，生命从体内一丝丝抽离的场景。
The newspaper lay across his knees and the weight of his arm held it there in the evening breeze. He was barefooted.
分
The newspaper lay across his knees
报纸横在膝盖上
Lay across 是介词短语，动词+副词=动作+方向。即，动作是“放着”，介词是“横跨着”，也就是“（报纸）横跨着（双腿）放着”
and the weight of his arm held it there 胳膊的重量把它压在那儿
多少能看得出这份报纸对老人说可能是难得的“礼物”吧！
in the evening breeze. 在夜晚的微风
breeze 是“微风”，一般表示春天的柔风（a light gentle wind），与 wind 相比内在含义更丰富。
He was barefooted. 他光着脚
barefooted [ˌbeəˈfʊtɪd] = bare- （光的，秃的）+ foot (脚) + ed (形容词后缀) = 光着脚的
建议记住bare-这个前缀，非常好用，比如，bareface 厚颜无耻；bareback 没有马鞍，barehand 徒手，空手等等。很多单词，无师自通。
合：
报纸横在膝盖上，胳膊的重量把它压在那儿，才没让夜晚的风刮走，他赤着脚。
整理
报纸摊在他膝盖上，在晚风中，靠他一条胳臂压着才没被吹走。他光着脚。
整段分析
When the boy came back the old man was asleep in the chair and the sun was down. The boy took the old army blanket off the bed and spread it over the back of the chair and over the old man’s shoulders. They were strange shoulders, still powerful although very old, and the neck was still strong too and the creases did not show so much when the old man was asleep and his head fallen forward. His shirt had been patched so many times that it was like the sail and the patches were faded to many different shades by the sun. The old man’s head was very old though and with his eyes closed there was no life in his face. The newspaper lay across his knees and the weight of his arm held it there in the evening breeze. He was barefooted.
等孩子回来的时候，老人在椅子上熟睡着，太阳已经下去了。孩子从床上捡起一条旧军毯，铺在椅背上，盖住了老人的双肩。这两个肩膀挺怪，人非常老迈了，肩膀却依然很强健，脖子也依然很壮实，而且当老人睡着了，脑袋向前耷拉着的时候，皱纹也不大明显了。他的衬衫上不知打了多少次补丁，弄得象他那张帆一样，这些补丁被阳光晒得褪成了许多深浅不同的颜色。老人的头非常苍老，眼睛闭上了，脸上就一点生气也没有。报纸摊在他膝盖上，在晚风中，靠他一条胳臂压着才没被吹走。他光着脚。
看到的是一个风烛残年的老人独自躺在椅子上，夕阳随大海渐入沉寂，晚风袭来的阵阵凉意。给人的感受是真实的老迈，然而其中又透着些坚强，奇怪的肩膀，不屈的脖子。即使老人年轻时的风光不减，又是老赖将至的无奈。
敲黑板
take… off “把…拿下来”
spread “摊开”，“伸展” spread our limbs. 伸开四肢
powerful = power（力量）+ -ful(形容词后缀，表示满的) = 有力量的
Lay across 是介词短语，动词+副词=动作+方向。
breeze 是“微风”，一般表示春天的柔风（a light gentle wind）
bare- barefoot光脚； bareface 厚颜无耻；bareback 没有马鞍；barehand 徒手，空手
今天学到这里，下期见。
日拱一卒无有尽
功不唐捐终入海
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